Which mineral's deficiency risk is linked to excess soda consumption?

• A. Iron
• B. Potassium
• C. Calcium
• D. Chloride

Answer: (C)

Excess soda consumption most directly affects calcium balance and bone health. Soft drinks, especially colas, contain phosphoric acid and caffeine. Phosphorus from the acid can bind calcium and reduce its absorption in the gut, and it can trigger hormonal responses that release calcium from bone. Caffeine increases urinary calcium excretion, further lowering calcium status. Additionally, drinking a lot of soda often means less intake of calcium-rich dairy products, amplifying the risk of calcium deficiency over time. Because calcium is the mineral most closely tied to soda’s effects on absorption, excretion, and dietary displacement, deficiency risk is linked to high soda intake. Iron, potassium, and chloride deficiencies aren’t as directly connected to soda consumption in the same way.