Which lipoprotein is associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis?

• A. VLDLs
• B. HDLs
• C. LDLs
• D. Chylomicrons

Answer: (B)

High-density lipoproteins protect against atherosclerosis by carrying cholesterol away from arterial walls and back to the liver for disposal, a process known as reverse cholesterol transport. This cleanup reduces cholesterol buildup in plaques and helps limit inflammation in the vessels. HDL also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which further support its protective role. Because of these actions, higher HDL levels are epidemiologically linked to a lower risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. By contrast, other lipoproteins tend to contribute to plaque formation: LDL delivers cholesterol to arteries, promoting buildup, while VLDL and chylomicrons carry triglycerides and their remnants, which do not provide the same protective effect.